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Knapp Hegelund posted an update 6 months, 3 weeks ago
Novel therapies and diagnostic tools are needed for NEC. Tefinostat cell line CS may be a potential therapy for NEC due to its potent anti-inflammatory properties. CS could be added to the formula in an attempt to mitigate breast milk disparities.
In many high-income countries people living in regional (rural) areas have higher rates of chronic disease compared to people living in urban areas. Food purchasing behaviour provides a potential pathway linking residential location with dietary intake and health outcomes. This study examined the relationship between geographic location and food expenditure on a range of foods.
Data from the 2015-2016 Australian Household Expenditure Survey (number of households = 9827) were used to examine weekly household food expenditure and proportion of total food expenditure on 14 categories of food items. Foods were classified using the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating. Two-part models and zero-one inflated beta regression models were used to assess the association between geographic area and food expenditure.
Average proportion of total food expenditure on fruit was estimated to be more for households located in major cities compared to households located in inner and outer regional areas. Households located il areas.Phagocytosis is a fundamental process in marine ecosystems by which prey organisms are consumed and their biomass incorporated in food webs or remineralized. However, studies searching for the genes underlying this key ecological process in free-living phagocytizing protists are still scarce, in part due to the lack of appropriate ecological models. Our reanalysis of recent molecular datasets revealed that the cultured heterotrophic flagellate Cafeteria burkhardae is widespread in the global oceans, which prompted us to design a transcriptomics study with this species, grown with the cultured flavobacterium Dokdonia sp. We compared the gene expression between exponential and stationary phases, which were complemented with three starvation by dilution phases that appeared as intermediate states. We found distinct expression profiles in each condition and identified 2056 differentially expressed genes between exponential and stationary samples. Upregulated genes at the exponential phase were related to DNA duplication, transcription and translational machinery, protein remodeling, respiration and phagocytosis, whereas upregulated genes in the stationary phase were involved in signal transduction, cell adhesion, and lipid metabolism. We identified a few highly expressed phagocytosis genes, like peptidases and proton pumps, which could be used to target this ecologically relevant process in marine ecosystems.The PAX6 is essential for ocular morphogenesis and is known to be highly sensitive to changes in gene expression, where neither over- nor under-expression ensures normal ocular development. Two unrelated probands with classical aniridia who were previously considered “PAX6-negative”, were studied by whole-genome sequencing. Through the use of multiple in silico deep learning-based algorithms, we identified two novel putative causal mutations, c.-133_-132del in the 5′ untranslated region (5′-UTR) and c.-52 + 5G>A in an intron upstream of the PAX6 gene. The luciferase activity was significantly increased and VAX2 binding was disrupted with the former 5′-UTR variant compared with wild-type sequence, which resulted in a striking overexpression of PAX6. The minigene assay showed that the c.-52 + 5G>A mutation caused defective splicing, which resulted in the formation of truncated transcripts.The Mexican-Mestizo population arose following European contact with the Americas due to the admixture of principally Spaniards, Native Americans, and Africans around 500 years ago. Because the paternal lineage distribution of the Mexican population has been poorly investigated, this study inferred the haplogroups of ten populations based on 1859 haplotypes (Y-STR data) using two haplogroup predictor programs. In the Mexican population sample, we found predominantly European ancestry (50.1%), followed by Native American (32.5%), Eurasian (13.4%), African (2.1%), East African-South Eurasian (1.3%), and Asian (0.6%) ancestries. In general, our results support a contrary north-to-south gradient throughout the Mexican territory of European and Native-American ancestries, respectively. Moreover, the presence of West-European R1b and Sub-Saharan African E1b1a haplogroups agrees with historical and genetic data of gene flow during the European conquest. This study represents the effort to analyze these paternal lineages on a large scale by taking advantage of Y-STR haplotype data to determine the distribution and ancestry proportions in this country.Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by the recurrence of depressive and manic episodes. Its heritability is high, and many linkage and association studies have been performed. Although various linkage regions and candidate genes have been reported, few have shown sufficient reproducibility, and none have identified the pathogenic genes based on the results of the linkage analysis. To find functional variants that are expected to be rare and have strong genetic effects, we recruited ten healthy individuals, two individuals with unknown status, and six patients with BD or recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) from a Japanese family consisting of 21 members. We performed a genome-wide linkage analysis using a 100K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and microsatellite markers to narrow linkage regions within this family. Subsequently, we performed whole-exome sequencing for two patients with BD to identify genetic mutations in the narrowed linkage regions. Then, we performed co-segregation analysis for DNA variants obtained from the results of the exome sequencing. Finally, we identified a rare heterozygous mutation in exon 31 of DOCK5 (c.3170A>G, p.E1057G). Convergent functional genomics analysis revealed that DOCK5 was listed as one of the biomarkers for mood state and suicidality. Although DOCK5 is still a functionally unknown gene, our findings highlight the possibility of a pathological relationship between BD and DOCK5.
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