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Acosta Lundqvist posted an update 6 months, 1 week ago
Fungal infections have become a subject of great concern and the incidence of fungal infections is increasing, presenting an enormous challenge to healthcare professionals. Since most of the fungal infections are occurring over the skin, the treatment option of these infections always involves topical application. However, in topical delivery drug reaches into systemic circulation through different barriers of skin. Nevertheless, due to the low permeability, skin restricts the movement of many drugs. Hence, a delivery system is required, which deliver the medicament into the skin layers or through the skin and into the systemic circulation. Ethosomes or Soft malleable vesicles are the novel lipid vesicular carrier that offer improved skin permeability and efficient delivery due to their structure and composition. They contain high concentration of ethanol, which increases the fluidity of the skin. Therefore, in the present paper, we have explored the utility of ethosomal systems in the topical treatment of fungal infections. Structure, compositions types, mechanism and techniques of preparation of ethosome also discussed in the paper.
In this study we investigated to what extent listeners can identify some unknown speakers’ characteristics by listening only to their voice recordings (physical characteristics, accent/dialect, smoking habits, level of education, personality, outer appearance). Several listener groups of different ages and expertise took part. The aim of the study was to compare the voice perception of children/adolescents and adults as well as naive listeners and phonetically trained listeners.
A total of 197 subjects, divided into 4groups (primary school pupils, secondary school pupils, university students, specialists in phoniatrics and pediatric audiology), listened to voice recordings of 23 speakers. They were instructed to fill in a questionnaire that asked for the speakers’ characteristics.
With regard to the individual characteristics, the listeners achieved variable results and identified the speakers’ gender, age, foreign accents and partly level of education fairly accurate, while they were less efficient judging other categories such as height, body mass index, dialects and smoking habits.The primary school listeners achieved significantly less correct answers in all but 2 categories than each of the other listener groups; however, they already made some correct judgments above chance levels. Selleck Roxadustat The results achieved by the specialists and students did not differ significantly in any category.
It has been confirmed that voice perception or the required skills are age dependent. The expert listeners did not perform significantly better than the naive listeners.
It has been confirmed that voice perception or the required skills are age dependent. The expert listeners did not perform significantly better than the naive listeners.
Cleanliness scores in small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) have poor reproducibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate a neural network-based algorithm for automated assessment of small-bowel cleanliness during capsule endoscopy.
600 normal third-generation SBCE still frames were categorized as “adequate” or “inadequate” in terms of cleanliness by three expert readers, according to a 10-point scale, and served as a training database. Then, 156 third-generation SBCE recordings were categorized in a consensual manner as “adequate” or “inadequate” in terms of cleanliness; this testing database was split into two independent 78-video subsets for the tuning and evaluation of the algorithm, respectively.
Using a threshold of 79 % “adequate” still frames per video to achieve the best performance, the algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 90.3 %, specificity of 83.3 %, and accuracy of 89.7 %. The reproducibility was perfect. The mean calculation time per video was 3 (standard deviation 1) minutes.
This neural network-based algorithm allowing automatic assessment of small-bowel cleanliness during capsule endoscopy was highly sensitive and paves the way for automated, standardized SBCE reports.
This neural network-based algorithm allowing automatic assessment of small-bowel cleanliness during capsule endoscopy was highly sensitive and paves the way for automated, standardized SBCE reports.
The occurrence of false-positive alerts is an important outcome measure in computer-aided colon polyp detection (CADe) studies. However, there is no consensus definition of a false positive in clinical trials evaluating CADe in colonoscopy. We aimed to study the diagnostic performance of CADe based on different threshold definitions for false-positive alerts.
A previously validated CADe system was applied to screening/surveillance colonoscopy videos. Different thresholds for false-positive alerts were defined based on the time an alert box was continuously traced by the system. Primary outcomes were false-positive results and specificity using different threshold definitions of false positive.
62 colonoscopies were analyzed. CADe specificity and accuracy were 93.2 % and 97.8 %, respectively, for a threshold definition of ≥ 0.5 seconds, 98.6 % and 99.5 % for a threshold definition of ≥ 1 second, and 99.8 % and 99.9 % for a threshold definition of ≥ 2 seconds.
Our analysis demonstrated how different threshold definitions of false positive can impact the reported diagnostic performance of CADe for colon polyp detection.
Our analysis demonstrated how different threshold definitions of false positive can impact the reported diagnostic performance of CADe for colon polyp detection.This study aims to compare maximal lactate accumulation rate (V̇ Lamax) and power output (Pmax) between cycling and running in terms of reliability, differences between, and correlations among modalities. Eighteen competitive triathletes performed a 15-s all-out exercise test in cycling and a 100-m sprint test in running. Each test was performed twice and separated by one week. Exercise tests in cycling were performed on an ergometer whereas sprint tests in running were performed on an indoor track. Differences between trials and exercise modality were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. V̇ Lamax (ICC=0.894, ICC=0.868) and Pmax (ICC=0.907, ICC=0.965) attained ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ reliability in both cycling and running, respectively. V̇ Lamax was higher in running (d=0.709, p=0.016) whereas Pmax was lower in running (d=-0.862, p less then 0.001). For V̇ Lamax, limits of agreement between modalities ranged from -0.224 to +0.437 mmol·l-1·s-1. Pmax correlated between modalities (r=0.811, p less then 0.001), whereas no correlation was found in V̇ Lamax (r=0.
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