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Woodruff Gravgaard posted an update 6 months ago
Communication about medical errors with patients and families demonstrates respect, compassion, and commitment by providing information, acknowledging harm, and maintaining trust through a process of dialogue that involves multiple conversations. This communication requires knowledge, skills, and attitudes that allow healthcare professionals to discuss facts transparently, take responsibility for what happened, and express regret and (as appropriate) apologize; these abilities also allow professionals to describe what will happen next for the patient and explain what will be done to prevent the error from happening to others in the future. Communication about medical errors also encompasses two other contexts reporting information about errors to healthcare organizations through data collection systems designed to improve patient safety, and discussing errors with fellow healthcare professionals to promote professional learning and receive emotional support. Communication about errors in these three contexts depends on healthcare professionals who are honest, reflective, compassionate, courageous, accountable, reassuring, and willing to acknowledge and engage their own feelings of sadness, fear, and guilt. Healthcare organizations should promote a systems approach to patient safety and cultivate a culture of transparency and learning in which healthcare professionals are supported as they cope with the distress they experience after an error. Communication about errors should be incorporated into all healthcare practice settings (medical, surgical, in-patient, out-patient), and can be taught to medical students and residents using didactic, role-playing, or simulation methodologies.
We systematically reviewed the experiences of parents who have a child with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in order to understand their needs and concerns related to their child’s healthcare, and assist health professionals in supporting parents of this paediatric patient group.
A systematic search strategy identified eighteen relevant studies published between 2000 and 2020. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the literature was narratively synthesised.
Three main themes were evident across the literature including information needs, treatment concerns, and psychological well-being. Studies predominantly focused on the surgical treatment of scoliosis.
Parents face challenges such as acquiring appropriate knowledge about scoliosis to participate in healthcare decisions and coping with their child undergoing invasive spinal surgery. Throughout this time, their psychological well-being can be negatively impacted. Considering parents’ experiences and support needs throughout this anxiety-provoking time is an important step in delivering family-centered care and promoting better outcomes for paediatric patients.
Providing parents with appropriate resources and addressing concerns around surgical complications, postoperative pain, and how they can best support their child before and after surgery, may alleviate some of the emotional burden that parents experience.
Providing parents with appropriate resources and addressing concerns around surgical complications, postoperative pain, and how they can best support their child before and after surgery, may alleviate some of the emotional burden that parents experience.Varieties of chrysanthemums are among the world’s most valuable edible ornamental crops. However, the availability and relationship between the bio-chemicals of chrysanthemums and their morphological variations remain unclear. We developed liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to construct a spectral tag library to identify and quantify chemicals of 7 caffeoylquinic acids, 21 flavones and flavonols, 4 carotenoids, and 13 other compounds in 27 cultivars and representative tea of Chrysanthemum morifolium. A correlation analysis found that more acacetin 7-O-galactoside (23) resulted in lighter colored flowers and less acacetin (43) and kaempferol (44) was associated with yellow flowers. Hot-H2O extraction of C. MS4078 morifolium tea showed that most flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids dissolved out at 30 min, with 20.977 and 8.958 mg/g GW indicated that C. morifolium, which is used in food and tea, is rich in flavonoids and carotenoids. The results improve our understanding of flavonoid biosynthesis and the mechanisms responsible for flower color.This study aimed to compare the effect of fermentation and drying on the organoleptic characteristic, total phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth tea with commercial Camellia sinensis tea. The phenolic content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in P. pellucida were significantly (p less then 0.05) lower than C. sinensis, irrespective of the fermentation and drying methods. Although fermentation decreased the total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in both P. pellucida and C. sinensis teas, the anti-inflammatory potential of P. pellucida was significantly (p less then 0.05) improved. Principle component analysis revealed that fermentation and drying methods contributed to respective 42.3% and 27.2% of activity variation in P. pellucida. The browning index was positively correlated with fermentation index (r = 0.670, p less then 0.05) of leaves samples. Overall, unfermented and fermented P. pellucida leaves were best dried with microwaving and freeze drying, respectively for optimal antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities with favorable consumer’s acceptance.Mother liquor sugar (MLS), as the by-product of stevia production, contained ~65% steviol glycosides (SGs). Recovery of the SGs from MLS was achieved by crystallization coupled with reversed-phase chromatography. Crystallization was done by dissolving MLS in methanol solution and SGs were crystallized due to the polarity difference from the medium. Composition of SGs crystals differed with various temperature, time, solid-to-liquid ratio and water content. SGs were 42.25% recovered with high purity of 96.89% under optimal conditions (solid-to-liquid ratio = 15 (w/v), T = 25 °C, t = 24 h) in absolute methanol. The liquid phase after crystallization was subsequently subjected to reversed-phase chromatography, whereby the impurities were firstly eluted with 35% (v/v) ethanol solution and the purified SGs were then desorbed by absolute ethanol, finally recovering 95.20% of SGs in the purity of 98.08%. The total SGs recovery of the whole procedure was 97.23%. The two-step purification was easy-to-operate and feasible to scale-up for industrial application.
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