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Franklin Parks posted an update 6 months, 2 weeks ago
Treatment interruptions were associated with weight loss and worse OS, but not disease related outcomes, suggesting an interruption in the elderly may be a surrogate for another issue. In sum, our data should guide clinical trial design to benefit this growing, neglected cohort.
Due to the heat and moisture exchanger’s (HME) breathing resistance, laryngectomized patients cannot always use an (optimal) HME during physical exercise. We propose a novel HME cassette concept with adjustable “bypass,” to provide adjustment between different breathing resistances within one device.
Under standardized conditions, the resistance and humidification performance of a high resistance/high humidification HME (XM) foam in a cassette with and without bypass were compared to a lower resistance/lesser humidification HME (XF) foam in a closed cassette.
With a bypass in the cassette, the resistance and humidification performance of XM foam were similar to those of XF foam in the closed cassette. Compared to XM foam in the closed cassette, introducing the bypass resulted in a 40% resistance decrease, whereas humidification performance was maintained at 80% of the original value.
This HME cassette prototype allows adjustment between substantially different resistances while maintaining appropriate humidification performances.
This HME cassette prototype allows adjustment between substantially different resistances while maintaining appropriate humidification performances.
Unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis, as an independent risk factor for stroke, requires an intervention operation for vessel recanalization. Accurate perfusion measurement is thus essential after the operation.
To explore the feasibility of three-dimensional (3D) pseudo-continuous territorial arterial-spin-labeling (tASL) in evaluating MCA recanalization.
Prospective and longitudinal.
Forty-seven patients with unilateral MCA stenosis or occlusion.
A 3.0 T, 3D time-of-flight fast-field-echo magnetic resonance (MR) angiography sequence, spin-echo echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging sequence, 3D fast-spin-echo pseudo-continuous ASL (pcASL) and tASL sequences.
All patients underwent MR examination before and after MCA recanalization and scored using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at admission and discharge. An mRS score <2 was defined as a good prognosis. 3D-pcASL and tASL cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps were obtained, and the cof good clinical outcome (all P < 0.05). DATA CONCLUSION tASL can determine hypoperfusion in the responsible vascular perfusion area and predict clinical outcome.
4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.
4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.
Compared with other malignancies, head and neck cancer (HNC) increases the risk of not returning to work (RTW).
Within a cross-sectional study, patients with HNC filled out the OncoFunction questionnaire, a version of the International Classification of Functioning Core Sets for HNC. In 231 patients below 65 years of age, associations of sociodemographic, clinical, functional, and psychological factors with employment and participation in rehabilitation program were explored.
Unemployed patients reported more swallowing difficulties and speaking problems. Being unemployed was associated with higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, fatigue, and lower global health. read more Rehabilitation participation was not significantly associated with any of the assessed factors except for smoking.
Unemployed patients with HNC are more burdened than employed patients with HNC regarding clinical, psychological, and functional factors. These differences are more evident later in recovery. Rehabilitation participation was not associated with psychological and functional burden which indicates the need for tailored HNC rehabilitation programs.
Unemployed patients with HNC are more burdened than employed patients with HNC regarding clinical, psychological, and functional factors. These differences are more evident later in recovery. Rehabilitation participation was not associated with psychological and functional burden which indicates the need for tailored HNC rehabilitation programs.Aggression is a complex social behaviour that allows individuals to compete for access to limited resources (eg, mates, food and territories). Excessive or inappropriate aggression, however, has become problematic in modern societies, and current treatments are largely ineffective. Although previous work in mammals suggests that aggressive behaviour varies seasonally, seasonality is largely overlooked when developing clinical treatments for inappropriate aggression. Here, we investigated how the hormone melatonin regulates seasonal changes in neurosteroid levels and aggressive behaviour in Siberian hamsters, a rodent model of seasonal aggression. Specifically, we housed males in long-day (LD) or short-day (SD) photoperiods, administered timed s.c. melatonin injections (which mimic a SD-like signal) or control injections, and measured aggression using a resident-intruder paradigm after 9 weeks of treatment. Moreover, we quantified five steroid hormones in circulation and in brain regions associated with aggressive behaviour (lateral septum, anterior hypothalamus, medial amygdala and periaqueductal gray) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. SD hamsters and LD hamsters administered timed melatonin injections (LD-M) displayed increased aggression and exhibited region-specific decreases in neural dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone and oestradiol, but showed no changes in progesterone or cortisol. Male hamsters also showed distinct associations between neurosteroids and aggressive behaviour, in which neural progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone were positively correlated with aggression in all treatment groups, whereas neural testosterone, oestradiol and cortisol were negatively correlated with aggression only in LD-M and SD hamsters. Collectively, these results provide insight into a novel neuroendocrine mechanism of mammalian aggression, in which melatonin reduces neurosteroid levels and elevates aggressive behaviour.
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