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Duncan Collins posted an update 6 months, 1 week ago
To estimate prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in adults in Senador Canedo, Goiás, Brazil, in 2016.
This was cross-sectional survey, with three-stage cluster sampling. A questionnaire was applied and weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure and total cholesterol levels were measured. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
Hypertension prevalence was 23.6% (95%CI – 19.3;28.6) among the 709 participants. The associated factors were sedentarism (PR=1.7 – 95%CI% 1.1;2.5); enlarged waist circumference (PR=5.9 – 95%CI 3.6;9.6); hypercholesterolemia (PR=2.6 – 95%CI 1.3;5.2); and age ≥60 years (PR=2.9 – 95%CI 1.3;6.2).
Hypertension prevalence was lower than that described for Brazil as a whole in 2013. Physical inactivity, accumulated abdominal fat and age were factors associated with hypertension.
Hypertension prevalence was lower than that described for Brazil as a whole in 2013. Physical inactivity, accumulated abdominal fat and age were factors associated with hypertension.Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy whose initial description is associated with two German authors, Alfons Maria Jakob and Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt. As polemic as the issue about the Creutzfeldt’s merit in the first description of the disease, is his history during the Third Reich. Some evidence pointed to the idea that he was essentially against the Nazi ideology, though some did not. He was an official member of the SS, but his own wife was convicted by a Nazi court. Some authors have argued that Creutzfeldt helped save many patients during Aktion T4 operation, but, in fact, he could have done more. Even during the post-war period, he sent a letter to authorities reporting the name of a Nazi physician who worked as a medical reviewer at the euthanasia court, but he did not proceed any further when his letter initially failed to start an investigation.
Swallowing and feeding problems may occur with the progression of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and can impair the anticipatory and oral preparatory phases of swallowing.
To characterize swallowing problems and the feeding situation of patients with bvFTD and to correlate the swallowing problems with functionality, executive functions, cognitive and behavioral features.
Consecutive outpatients with bvFTD in mild, moderate and severe dementia stages were recruited along with their caregivers. Patients and caregivers were screened with the following scales “Mini-Mental State Examination”, “Severe Mini-Mental State Examination”, “FTLD-modified Clinical Dementia Rating”, “Neuropsychiatric Inventory”, “Frontal Assessment Battery”, “Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living”, “Swallowing Rating Scale” and “Assessment of Feeding and Swallowing Difficulties in Dementia”.
Overall, thirty patients with bvFTD were included along with their caregivers. Patients with bvFTD showed feeed caregiver performance during mealtime. The correlations indicated that swallowing difficulties tend to follow cognitive and behavioral decline in patients with bvFTD.
Increased concentrations of serum proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are interpreted as blood-CSF barrier dysfunction. Frequently used interpretations such as barrier leakage, disruption or breakdown contradict CSF protein data, which suggest a reduced CSF flow rate as the cause.
Even the severest barrier dysfunctions do not change the molecular size-dependent selectivity or the interindividual variation of the protein transfer across barriers. JH-RE-06 clinical trial Serum protein concentrations in lumbar CSF increase with hyperbolic functions, but the levels of proteins that do not pass the barrier remain constant (brain proteins) or increase linearly (leptomeningal proteins). All CSF protein dynamics above and below a lumbar blockade can also be explained, independent of their barrier passage, by a reduced caudally directed flow. Local accumulation of gadolinium in multiple sclerosis (MS) is now understood as due to reduced bulk flow elimination by interstitial fluid (ISF). Nonlinear change of the steady state in barrier dysfunction and along normal rostro-caudal gradients supports the diffusion/flow model and contradicts obstructions of diffusion pathways. Regardless of the cause of the disease, pathophysiological flow blockages are found in bacterial meningitis, leukemia, meningeal carcinomatosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, MS and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. In humans, the fortyfold higher albumin concentrations in early fetal development decrease later with maturation of the arachnoid villi, i.e., with beginning CSF outflow, which contradicts a relevant outflow to the lymphatic system. Respiration- and heartbeat-dependent oscillations do not disturb net direction of CSF flow.
Blood-CSF and blood-brain barrier dysfunctions are an expression of reduced CSF or ISF flow rate.
Blood-CSF and blood-brain barrier dysfunctions are an expression of reduced CSF or ISF flow rate.
About 50% of patients that suffer from trigeminal neuralgia do not experience sustained benefit from the use of oral medication. For their adequate management, a few surgical procedures are available. Of these, percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) and microvascular decompression (MD) are two of the most performed worldwide. In this retrospective study, we present the outcomes of these techniques through estimation of initial pain relief and subsequent recurrence rate.
Thirty-seven patients with medically refractory trigeminal pain surgically treated at Hospital Cajuru, Curitiba, Brazil, with PBC, MD or both between 2013 and 2018 were enrolled into this retrospective study. The post-procedural rate for pain relief and recurrence and associations between patient demographics and outcomes were analyzed.
MD had an earlier recurrence time than balloon compression. Of the 37 patients, the mean age was 61.6 years, approximately one third were male and most had type I neuralgia. The most affected branch was the maxillary (V2). The time for recurrence after surgery was on average 11.8 months for PBC and 9.0 months for MD. Complications were seen only with microsurgery.
MD presented with a more precocious recurrence of pain than PBC in this article. Moreover, it had a higher recurrence rate than described in the literature as well, which is possibly explained by the type of graft (muscle) that was used to separate the neurovascular structures.
MD presented with a more precocious recurrence of pain than PBC in this article. Moreover, it had a higher recurrence rate than described in the literature as well, which is possibly explained by the type of graft (muscle) that was used to separate the neurovascular structures.
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