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Kirkpatrick Hogan posted an update 6 months, 2 weeks ago
In this work, a novel adsorbent of aluminium/lanthanum loaded wheat straw biochar (Al-La-WSB), was prepared by using a facile approach and used for fluoride removal. The Al-La-WSB and its pristine wheat straw biochar (WSB) were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) methods. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate adsorbent performance, the highest removal rate was observed at pH 9, contact time of 7 h and Al-La-WSB dose of 1 g L-1. Lagergren pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data well. The maximum fluoride adsorption capacity of Al-La-WSB at different experiment temperature of 298, 308 and 318 K, was 51.28 mg g-1, 46.73 mg g-1 and 50.25 mg g-1, respectively, which was better than most reported adsorbents. The Al-La-WSB performed well over a considerable wide pH range of 3-10 and carried positive charge at pH less then 4.8. The presence co-existing ions of SO42-, HCO3-, Cl- and NO3- had a minor impact on fluoride adsorption besides PO43-. Regeneration experiment results showed that the Al-La-WSB had an excellent reusability. According to the adsorbent characterization and batch adsorption experiment, the adsorption of fluoride on the Al-La-WSB was primarily a chemisorption, involving electrostatic interactions and ion exchange, which nitrate ion and hydroxyl played a major role. The results suggested that the Al-La-WSB could be a great adsorbent for removing fluoride from drinking water.Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare opportunistic infection of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of JC virus (JCV). Typical PML shows confluent, bilateral but asymmetric, subcortical lesions in the supratentorial white matter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report here a 50-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with lymphoma who developed PML with atypical brain MRI findings limited to the infratentorial area at presentation. She presented with numbness on the right side of the face, including her tongue, clumsiness of the right hand, and gait disturbance, after completion of remission induction therapy for lymphoma, including rituximab. Brain MRI demonstrated a solitary lesion limited to the cerebellum and brainstem, but a definitive diagnosis could not be made from cerebrospinal fluid study or tentative histologic evaluation of brain biopsy specimens. Despite methylprednisolone pulse therapy, her neurological deficits progressively worsened. One month later, in-depth analysis of her cerebrospinal fluid and brain biopsy specimens confirmed the presence of JCV. Eventually, the localised unilateral crescent-shaped cerebellar lesions on MRI expanded to the contralateral cerebellum, middle cerebellar hemisphere, pons, and midbrain and finally developed multifocal invasion into the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres. Our case suggests that PML could first present with a solitary infratentorial lesion in immunocompromised patients.Introduction Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is increasingly used preoperatively in breast cancer patients to achieve disease downstaging, reduce distant dissemination, and assess chemosensitivity. While NAC indications are expanding, knowledge of its impact on subsequent locoregional treatment with surgery and radiation therapy (RT) decisions is evolving. Radiation oncologists are often called upon to estimate locoregional recurrence (LRR) risks and provide recommendations for adjuvant RT to the breast/chest wall and regional lymph nodes postoperatively. In the non-NAC setting, adjuvant RT decisions are guided by the pathology findings after definitive surgery. In the NAC setting, decisions for or against adjuvant RT are complex, particularly in patients who achieve complete pathologic response (pCR).Areas covered This review will examine contemporary data on NAC in patients with breast cancer and discuss its impact on surgical and RT decisions. We will also evaluate controversies in the role of LRRT for these patients, focussing on prognostic factors that include biological subtypes and pCR after NAC.Expert opinion Advances in personalized medicine and diagnostic techniques have shifted paradigms and increased complexities in locoregional treatment decisions, particularly in the setting of NAC. Selleckchem Sitravatinib Despite the challenges, our goals while we await prospective data remain focused on improving survival, minimizing toxicity, and optimizing function and cosmesis.
Although both sarcopenia and hip disease decrease physical function, few studies have investigated the association. We investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis and examined the impact of sarcopenia on pre- and postoperative outcomes.
This prospective study included 96 females. Participants were classified using two criteria. Cases defined as having sarcopenia by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria were categorized as the AWGS-sarcopenia (A-S) group, and others were categorized as the AWGS-non-sarcopenia (A-NS) group. Those classified by hand grip strength (HGS) constituted the lower-HGS (L-H) and normal-HGS (N-H) groups. Patient demographics, physical function, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were compared between each group.
The prevalence of the AWGS sarcopenia was 33.3%. In the pre- and postoperative analyses, the L-H group had significantly poorer physical function and JOA score than the N-H group. Postoperatively, the A-S group only demonstrated poorer HGS.
Preoperative physical function and JOA score was significantly poorer in the L-H group; physical function was significantly poorer even postoperatively. A HGS test is useful for detecting a decline in the pre- and postoperative physical function in females with hip osteoarthritis.
Preoperative physical function and JOA score was significantly poorer in the L-H group; physical function was significantly poorer even postoperatively. A HGS test is useful for detecting a decline in the pre- and postoperative physical function in females with hip osteoarthritis.
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