• This study was aimed to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in advanced glycation end products (AGEs)- induced macrophage polarization toward M1.

    Isolated primary macrophages were exposed to prepared AGEs at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10μmol/L. Macrophages were also exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H

    O

    ) which…[Read more]

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